[64] In September 1977, Yeltsin carried out orders to demolish the Ipatiev House, the location where the Romanov family had been killed in 1918, over the government's fears that it was attracting growing foreign and domestic attention. STZENB (650), Thu, Oct 01 Contradictory results of the referendum were interpreted by Yeltsin and his entourage in their favor. „None of these countries had revolutions with bloody casualties and there was no civil war in any of the republics… Russia had to change and it did change.“, „It looks as if some people either have a short memory and are forgetting about that time and the events that occurred then“, „Today I am turning to you for the last time with New Year's greetings. En avril 1990, Boris Eltsine publie Jusqu'au bout !. © 2020 A&E Television Networks, LLC. The Chairman of the RSFSR Supreme Soviet, Ruslan Khasbulatov, then sent them a telegram: "I am pleased to have learned of the resignation of the Armed Forces of the Republic." [54] In April 1968, Ryabov decided to recruit Yeltsin into the regional party apparatus, proposing him for a vacancy in the obkom's department for construction. Suit une offensive généralisée. It is especially important to encourage unorthodox thinking when the situation is critical: At such moments every new word and fresh thought is more precious than gold. Officially, the conflict is defined as "measures to maintain constitutional order," the military action called "first Chechen war", less "Russian-Chechen" or "Russian-Caucasian war". Boris Yeltsin, Self: Elegiya zhizni. [204] They noted he was "ebullient, almost outrageously open",[205] and also "charismatic". Boris Yeltsin was the first freely elected leader in Russia’s 1,000-year history. Speaking to the media in March 2010, Yeltsin's daughter Tatyana Yumasheva claimed that her father had suffered a heart attack on the flight from the United States to Moscow and was therefore not in a position to leave the plane. Many ill-considered actions have led to heavy casualties among both military and civilian populations: tens of thousands of people were killed and hundreds of thousands were injured. We have expressed our protests in official statements and I have sent Russian President Boris Yeltsin special letters on this matter. p. 8Variant translations: You can make a throne of bayonets, but you can't sit on it for long.You can build a throne with bayonets, but you can't sit on it for long.1990s, As quoted in The 100 Greatest Heroes (2003) p. 60 by Harry Paul Jeffers2000s, Speaking to the press following a "postively productive" meeting http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=50688 with Bill Clinton (24 October 1995)Alternative translation: those anticipating a failure of the meeting "have failed" ("вы провалились").1990s, Appeal to the military to not participate in the coup attempt. М. Литео, 2017. On 18 August 1991, a coup against Gorbachev was launched by the government members opposed to perestroika. Le 9 mars, le projet d'Union est publié et le président russe invite ses partisans à faire la guerre au pouvoir central. Le soir du 21 août, les putschistes qui ne se sont pas suicidés sont envoyés en prison. [15] Until poor health stopped him in the 1990s, Yeltsin enjoyed swimming in icy water, and throughout his life started each day with a cold shower. Former Russian president Boris Yeltsin got so drunk during a visit to Washington that he was found standing outside the White House in his underpants trying to hail a cab to go and buy a pizza. Sa présidence est marquée par des crises financières et politiques, ainsi que par des affaires de corruption. He also agreed to nuclear arms reductions and brought home soldiers from Eastern Europe and the former Soviet republics. One of the things he did was demolish the building where Nicholas IIand his family were shot. [30] He was also required to study Marxist-Leninist doctrine and choose a language course, for which he selected German, although never became adept at it. Le président américain, Bill Clinton, s'engage également en sa faveur. Ils refusent aussi d'organiser le référendum réclamé par le président pour asseoir son autorité. Глупость или измена? [21] There, he also took part in activities organised by the Komsomol and Vladimir Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization. [203], Doder and Branson noted that Yeltsin was "a hero for young Russians, a cult figure to those who were not necessarily anticommunists but who were filled with bitterness and apathy" from the Brezhnev years. Il réclame la démission d'Egor Ligatchev, qu'il accuse d'être le « principal responsable » du retard de la perestroïka et de s'opposer à la diminution des privilèges pour les membres de l'appareil[6]. After that Yeltsin signed the Khasavyurt agreements, which many regarded as treacherous. ... the first President of Russia’s strength consisted in the mass support of Russian citizens for his ideas and aspirations. Within a few years of his presidency, many of Yeltsin's initial supporters started to criticize his leadership, and Vice President Alexander Rutskoy even denounced the reforms as "economic genocide". Le 10 juillet, Boris Eltsine est intronisé en grande pompe en présence des représentants de toutes les républiques et avec la bénédiction du patriarche de toutes les Russies. Starting in the last years of his presidential term, Yeltsin's primary residence was the Gorki-9 presidential dacha west of Moscow. Mais au lieu d’un blitz spectaculaire, la guerre s'avère être un échec militaire et humanitaire pour la Russie, qui rencontre une résistance féroce de combattants tchétchènes. Une foule en délire dans un district de Moscou choisit Boris Eltsine comme son candidat en vue des élections au « Congrès des députés du peuple » du Soviet suprême. En 1998 et 1999, face à une situation de crise économique, Eltsine change plusieurs fois de Premier ministre : Viktor Tchernomyrdine, Sergueï Kirienko, Ievgueni Primakov, Sergueï Stepachine et Vladimir Poutine se succèdent en moins de deux ans à la tête du gouvernement russe. On 10 September 1987, after a lecture from hard-liner Yegor Ligachyov at the Politburo for allowing two small unsanctioned demonstrations on Moscow streets, Yeltsin wrote a letter of resignation to Gorbachev who was holidaying on the Black Sea. But despite successfully ushering in a freer and more open society, his tenure was marred by economic hardship, increased corruption and crime, a violent war in the breakaway republic of Chechnya and Russia’s diminished influence on world events. Le 29 avril, le président dévoile un projet de Constitution qui renforce ses pouvoirs, projet qui sera ratifié le 12 juillet, au terme d'une conférence constitutionnelle. [16] Yeltsin and his mother were then ejected from their residence but taken in by friends; Klavdiya worked at a garment factory in her husband's absence. His peasant grandparents had been forcibly uprooted by Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin’s collectivization of agriculture, and his father was arrested during the Stalin-era purges. On 27 October 1987 at the plenary meeting of the Central Committee of the CPSU, Yeltsin, frustrated that Gorbachev had not addressed any of the issues outlined in his resignation letter, asked to speak. August 21, 1998 at a meeting of the State Duma of the majority of MPs (248 out of 450) have called Yeltsin to resign voluntarily, in his support were only 32 deputies. Together with Boris Yeltsin was elected a vice-president, Alexander Rutskoi. The subject made headlines abroad during Yeltsin's visit to the U.S. in 1989 for a series of lectures on social and political life in the Soviet Union. By mid-1996, substantial ownership shares over major firms were acquired at very low prices by a handful of people. He soon imposed fines for those who damaged or stole materials or engaged in absenteeism, and closely monitored productivity. Ils doivent élire le président du Soviet suprême de la Fédération de Russie et les quelque 400 députés du Soviet suprême russe. This is something that politicians in particular must keep in mind. In short: you are free to distribute and modify the file as long as you attribute www.kremlin.ru. In 1997, Boris Yeltsin signed a decree on the ruble denomination, held talks in Moscow with Aslan Maskhadov and signed an agreement on the basic principles of the world, and the relationship with the Chechen Republic. Dudayev did not pay for it, and resold abroad. Pendant tout le mois d'octobre se produit une révolution de palais au Kremlin. Il essuiera un refus sur cette question de la part de l'Ukraine, de la Moldavie et de l'Azerbaïdjan en février. Vladimir Poutine, qu'il a nommé président du gouvernement quelques mois auparavant, lui succède. However, now that relations between our two nations have improved substantially, I believe that it is time to resolve the mysteries surrounding this event. Le bilan de 1 500 morts est jugé le plus crédible[16]. The next day, after failing impeachment Congress of People's Deputies appointed April 25, All-Russian referendum on four issues: the confidence to President Yeltsin, on the approval of its socio-economic policies of the early presidential elections and early elections of people's deputies. Vishnevskaya.. Boris Yeltsin was born on February 1, 1931 in Butka, Ural Oblast, Russian SFSR, USSR as Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin. In August, a commentator reflected on the situation as follows: "The President issues decrees as if there were no Supreme Soviet, and the Supreme Soviet suspends decrees as if there were no President." The first storm of Grozny was ill-conceived and led to heavy casualties: dead and missing over 1,500 people, 100 were captured Russian soldiers. [31] Academically, he achieved high grades,[32] although temporarily dropped out in 1952 when afflicted with tonsillitis and rheumatic fever. Il décide de visiter une fois tous les deux ans les 63 agglomérations que compte la région de Sverdlovsk et d'organiser des rencontres avec les travailleurs. [45] During this period, they moved through a succession of apartments. Reynolds tried to make excuses for him in an effort to offset his own humiliation in vainly waiting outside the plane to meet him. This must only be welcomed... We have good peaceful relations and there were no military clashes. Les consommateurs, confrontés à une économie de marché, font face à une inflation explosive : 200 % pour le seul mois de janvier ! If there was to be a dictatorial coup, would Yeltsin be its victim or its leader? [94] In his reply, Gorbachev accused Yeltsin of "political immaturity" and "absolute irresponsibility". Neither union nor Russian power structures heeded his commands as support had swung over to Yeltsin. On November 30, 1994 Boris Yeltsin decided to send troops to Chechnya and signed a secret decree № 2137 "On measures to restore constitutional law and order in the Chechen Republic," and the Chechen conflict began. He recommended that Yeltsin replace him as the First Secretary of the Party Committee in Sverdlovsk Oblast. Yeltsin's favourite writer was Anton Chekhov,[202] although he also enjoyed the work of Sergei Yesenin and Alexander Pushkin. He lost both of his posts in late 1987 and early 1988, however, after clashing with Gorbachev over the pace of reform. Le 7 novembre, on ne célèbre pas l'anniversaire de la révolution d'Octobre. Le 29 mai 1990, il est élu président du Soviet suprême de la République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie, ce qui fait de lui le premier président non communiste d'une république soviétique. Clearly he could no longer be regarded as the democratic hero of Western myth. [207] Aron characterised him as "Russia's first modern leader". Mais le parti de Boris Eltsine aura plus de sièges à la Douma que le parti de Jirinovski, avec 96 sièges contre 70. Swiss authorities issued an international arrest warrant for Pavel Borodin, the official who managed the Kremlin's property empire. [168][169] According to experts quoted by Komsomolskaya Pravda, the onset of Yeltsin's condition began during his visit to Jordan between 25 March and 2 April. That was done. Many people in this hard time experienced shock. [132] Instead, Yeltsin changed his campaign team, assigning a key role to his daughter, Tatyana Dyachenko, and appointing Chubais as campaign manager. Il participe au sommet du G8 1997, après que la Russie y a été admise. Separatists start capturing and looting of military depots. Le 25 novembre 2015, a ouvert à Iekaterinbourg, ville où Boris Eltsine a commencé sa carrière politique, le Centre Eltsine (sur le modèle des bibliothèques présidentielles américaines), comprenant les archives de sa présidence, les cadeaux d'État, une bibliothèque et divers documents historiques ; des expositions temporaires seront également organisées[33]. Sleepless nights, tormenting worries — about what needed to be done, so that people could live more easily and better. On December 31, 1999, under enormous internal pressure, Yeltsin announced his resignation, leaving the presidency in the hands of his chosen successor, then-Prime Minister Vladimir Putin. Il intervient auprès du Fonds monétaire international (FMI) afin de faire octroyer à la Russie un prêt de 10,2 milliards de dollars durant la période préélectorale. But had he become an old-style communist boss, turning his back on the democratic reformers he once championed and throwing in his lot with militarists and ultranationalists? After graduating from Leningrad State University, Putin began his career in the KGB as an intelligence officer in 1975. The result was a victory for the incumbent President Boris Yeltsin, who ran as an independent candidate. [191] Tatyana then married again, to Leonid Dyachenko, and for a while they lived with Yeltsin at his Moscow apartment during the mid-1980s. [15] Academically, he did well at primary school and was repeatedly elected class monitor by fellow pupils. At university, he was known for enjoying practical jokes. [55] That year, Yeltsin and his family moved into a four-room apartment on Mamin-Sibiryak Street, downtown Sverdlovsk. [166] He was buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery on 25 April 2007,[170] following a period during which his body had lain in repose in the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow. Yeltsin was subsequently hailed by his supporters around the world for rallying mass opposition to the coup. [48] In his later autobiography, he stated that his original reasons for joining were "sincere" and rooted in a genuine belief in the party's socialist ideals. [86][87], With Gorbachev's support, in December 1985, Yeltsin was installed as the first secretary of the Moscow gorkom of the CPSU. Au second tour de l'élection présidentielle russe de 1996, Guennadi Ziouganov, le candidat communiste, recueille 40,3 % des suffrages face aux 53,8 % de Boris Eltsine, dont la victoire surprend. [211], During his career as a figure in the Soviet Union, Yeltsin received ten medals and awards for his service to the state. Learn more about Yeltsin’s life and career. These elections have been declared illegal by the Russian Federation's officials. Les Russes reçoivent leur salaire, mais il ne suit pas le rythme de l'inflation. Slowly and painfully pondered over it. Le 12 décembre 1993, les Russes adoptent la Constitution proposée par Boris Eltsine, mais seulement 53 % des personnes inscrites ont voté et le projet a été approuvé par 58,4 % des votants. La proposition sera entérinée à plus de 70 % par le peuple. Unlike Gorbachev's reforms, which sought to expand democracy in the socialist system, the new regime aimed to completely dismantle socialism and fully implement capitalism, converting the world's largest command economy into a free-market one. Памяти Бориса Ельцина : Author: ITAR-TASS: Other versions: Derivative works of this file: 1990s montage.png: This file comes from the website of the President of the Russian Federation and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. After the talks, Boris Yeltsin and Ruslan Khasbulatov, Valery Zorkin and multi-voting, the Congress of People's Deputies on December 12 adopted a resolution on the stabilization of the constitutional system and Viktor Chernomyrdin was appointed as Prime Minister. With the beginning of perestroika in the various republics of the Soviet Union, including in the Chechen-Ingush Republic stepped various nationalist movements. À cette époque, les deux hommes s'entraidaient, Eltsine fournissant des matériaux de construction à Gorbatchev, tandis que ce dernier donnait de la nourriture à Boris Nikolaïevitch. As a result of persistent low oil and commodity prices during the 1990s, Russia suffered inflation, economic collapse and enormous political and social problems that affected Russia and the other former states of the USSR. He is known to have suffered heart problems in March 1990, just after being elected as a member of parliament. While this is regarded as the moment that the largest republic of the Soviet Union had seceded, this is not technically the case. [20], Between 1939 and 1945, Yeltsin received a primary education at Berezniki's Railway School Number 95. — Baykov V.D. The coup, led by conservative Soviet officials, failed after three days. They had a daughter, Yekaterina, in 1979, before separating. Boris Eltsine est optimiste, mais pas son vice-président, Alexandre Routskoï, ni le président du Parlement, Rouslan Khasboulatov. Panic struck the Yeltsin team when opinion polls suggested that the ailing president could not win; some members of his entourage urged him to cancel the presidential elections and effectively rule as a dictator from then on. He needs to be understood if we are to understand the age we inhabit". His death in 2007 was recorded as due to congestive heart failure. More than 40 deputies were beaten, and the chairman of the Grozny city council Vitali Kutsenko thrown out the window, as a result he died. Though the fighting ceased in August 1996, it picked back up again in 1999 and lasted most of the next decade. Domestic and international observers also noted his occasionally erratic behaviour. La dépression économique a culminé avec la crise financière russe de 1998, marquée par une dévaluation brutale du rouble et un défaut sur la dette russe. Puis, on prendra 100 jours pour stabiliser la monnaie avant de relancer la demande dans les 100 jours qui suivront, pour enfin consacrer 100 jours au démarrage de la croissance. Boris Eltsine y apporte la déclaration de souveraineté toute fraîche, se plaçant du côté des républiques qui proclament leur indépendance. Il a une enfance difficile dans une famille préoccupée par la survie. Les deux scrutins sont prévus pour le 12 décembre 1993. Le 23 août, le président soviétique affronte le Parlement russe. [110], Initially, Yeltsin promoted the retention of national borders according to the pre-existing Soviet state borders, although this left ethnic Russians as a majority in parts of northern Kazakhstan, eastern Ukraine, and areas of Estonia and Latvia.[111]. Au cours d'une réunion du comité moscovite du parti, Boris Eltsine est démis de ses fonctions. [clarification needed][157], According to interviews by author and historian Taylor Branch with Bill Clinton, on a 1995 visit to Washington, D.C., Yeltsin was found on Pennsylvania Avenue, drunk, in his underwear and trying to hail a taxi cab in order to find pizza. À Moscou, une manifestation en faveur de la démocratie attire 100 000 personnes. The announcement followed weeks of speculation that Yeltsin was at the end of his political career because of his health problems and growing unpopularity in Russia. Boris Yeltsin did not return to work until the beginning of 1997. En 1935, le père de Boris Eltsine déménage la famille à Berizniki et il devient ouvrier au chantier de construction d'un complexe industriel. Russia: Medal – "In memory of the army as a volunteer" (March 2012, posthumous) – for a high contribution to the remembrance of the Great Patriotic War, with respect for the history of the Russian state, and for his contribution to the preservation of names of victims in conflicts in defence of the homeland. [176] In the late 1980s, Yeltsin told the Athens daily newspaper Kathimerini that "I regard myself as a social democrat", adding that "Those who still believe in communism are moving in the sphere of fantasy". Russian oil until 1994 continued to arrive in Chechnya. Representatives from Soviet republics (Ukraine, Georgia, Belarus, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan) had already announced that ...read more, Pogrom is a Russian word which, when directly translated, means “to wreak havoc.” Pogroms typically describe violence by Russian authorities against Jewish people, particularly officially-mandated slaughter, though the word has been extended to the massacres of other groups as ...read more, From early Mongol invasions to tsarist regimes to ages of enlightenment and industrialization to revolutions and wars, Russia is known not just for its political rises of world power and upheaval, but for its cultural contributions (think ballet, Tolstoy, Tchaikovsky, caviar and ...read more, Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924) was a Russian communist revolutionary and head of the Bolshevik Party who rose to prominence during the Russian Revolution of 1917, one of the most explosive political events of the twentieth century. En vertu de ce texte, la souveraineté de l'État est réservée au niveau central. [60] At the Central Committee's recommendation, the Sverdlovsk obkom then unanimously voted to appoint Yeltsin as its first secretary. In June 1995, during the seizure of militias under the leadership of Shamil Basayev, hospitals and maternity hospital in Budennovsk, Yeltsin was in Canada, and decided not to stop the trip, providing an opportunity to Chernomyrdin to resolve the situation and negotiate with the militants, he returned only after all events, dismissed the heads of a number of law enforcement agencies and the Governor of the Stavropol Territory. An aide, Lev Sukhanov was reported to have said that it was at that moment that "the last vestige of Bolshevism collapsed" inside his boss. During the 1999 Kosovo war, Yeltsin strongly opposed the NATO military campaign against Yugoslavia, and warned of possible Russian intervention if NATO deployed ground troops to Kosovo. La direction de l'école, scandalisée, décide de lui retirer son diplôme, geste qui lui ferme automatiquement les portes de toutes les écoles de l'Union soviétique. The openness of Yeltsin about POW/MIA and KAL 007 matters may also have signalled his willingness for more openness to the West. After the failure of the Emergency Committee, and Gorbachev has returned to Moscow to negotiate a new Union Treaty are deadlocked, and Gorbachev finally began to lose control levers, which are gradually retreating to Yeltsin and heads of other union republics. Il joue un rôle-clé l'année suivante … In May 1999, the State Duma tried unsuccessfully to raise the issue of impeachment of Yeltsin from office (five charges formulated by the initiators of the impeachment, mainly related to Yeltsin's actions during the first term). [197] Colton described Yeltsin as having a "husky baritone" voice. Internationally, Yeltsin promoted renewed collaboration with Europe and signed arms control agreements with the United States. Eltsine est le grand vainqueur, non seulement parce qu'il a gagné, mais aussi parce que son élection oblige Gorbatchev à se rallier à ses positions. Joining the Communist Party, which governed the Soviet Union as a one-party state according to Marxist-Leninist doctrine, he rose through its ranks and in 1976 became First Secretary of the party's Sverdlovsk Oblast committee. Несколько слов о Борисе Ельцине", "Yeltsin Deputy Calls Reforms 'Economic Genocide, "Russian Constitution SECTION ONE Chapter 4", "The World Was Never Closer To Nuclear War Than On Jan. 25, 1995", "Олег Наумов, Андрей Нечаев: Пройдет время, и в школьных учебниках истории о Борисе Ельцине будет записано, что это президент, заложивший основы новой демократической России", CNN, Russian presidential candidate profiles, 1906, "Gennady Zyuganov candidate profile, 1996", "The New York Times: RUSSIA AND I.M.F. [140][141][142], In 1998, a political and economic crisis emerged when Yeltsin's government defaulted on its debts, causing financial markets to panic and the rouble to collapse in the 1998 Russian financial crisis. Yeltsin transformed Russia's state socialist economy into a capitalist market economy by implementing economic shock therapy, market exchange rate of the ruble, nationwide privatization, and lifting of price controls. Dudayev also got a lot of weapons: 2 rocket launchers ground troops, 42 tanks, 34 infantry fighting vehicles, 14 armored personnel carriers, 14 light armored tractor, 260 aircraft, 57 of thousands of small appliances and many other weapons. Cela n'empêchera pas l'électorat russe, le 12 juin 1991, de faire de Boris Eltsine, à 60 ans, le président de la Fédération de Russie, composée de 18 républiques autonomes et de régions autonomes. (19 August 1991)1990s, Source: 1990s, Against the Grain (1990), p. 172, Comment during a visit to the United States, as quoted in The Independent [London] (12 September 1989)1980s, Televised speech (4 October 1993), as quoted in A Democracy of Despots (1995) by Donald Murray. Boris Eltsine est élu député de Sverdlovsk par 80 % des voix. During the "August Putsch" in Moscow, the leadership of the Chechen Republic supported the Emergency Committee. STZENS (649), Butka, Ural Oblast, Russian SFSR, USSR [now Talitsa Raion, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia], Putin: A Russian Spy Story review – 'schoolyard thug' who became an unstoppable leader, ‘Citizen K’ Review: From Russian Oligarch to Savior, With Love, ‘Citizen K’ Film Review: Alex Gibney Profiles Putin’s Nemesis, an Oligarch-Turned-Activist. Le jeune Boris conteste la décision tant et si bien qu'on ouvre une enquête sur le travail de l'institutrice principale et qu'on lui rend son diplôme. Check out some of the IMDb editors' favorites movies and shows to round out your Watchlist. Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin (Russian: Борис Николаевич Ельцин, IPA: [bɐˈrʲis nʲɪkɐˈlaɪvʲɪtɕ ˈjelʲtsɨn] (); 1 February 1931 – 23 April 2007) was a Russian and former Soviet politician who served as the first president of Russia from 1991 to 1999. The USSR Constitution and laws of the USSR continued to be referred to in articles 4, 102 and 147 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation – Russian (RSFSR) in 1978 up to December 25, 1993, when in force adopted by a referendum the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which contained no mention of the Constitution and laws of the USSR. During his presidency, Russia received US$40,000,000,000 in funds from the International Monetary Fund and other international lending organisations. In December 1991, Boris Yeltsin, Soviet President Gorbachev held a secret meeting with Ukrainian President, Leonid Kravchuk, and Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of Belarus, Stanislav Shushkevich, which led to negotiations on the establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Devant les caméras de télévision, il tente de disculper ses ministres, mais Eltsine force le président de l'URSS à lire un document prouvant que tous ses ministres, sauf un, soutenaient le coup d'État. La menace de ce coup d'État pèse depuis un an. I made the decision. Parallèlement à ses études, il fait partie de l'équipe de volley-ball de la ville. Putin's popularity has increased, and at the end of 1999, Yeltsin decided to resign, leaving Putin as acting president. Le chancelier allemand Helmut Kohl se rend le même jour à Moscou, où il présente Eltsine comme « un partenaire absolument fiable, qui a toujours respecté ses engagements »[23]. Today is the last time I address you with New Year's greetings. On 12 December, the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR ratified the Belavezha Accords and denounced the 1922 Union Treaty. October is packed with great movies and several new and returning TV series. Boris Yeltsin forbade party cells in state-controlled institutions by decree. In April 2008, a new memorial to Yeltsin was dedicated in Moscow's Novodevichy cemetery, to mixed reactions. [160], Yeltsin's personal and health problems received a great deal of attention in the global press. ; tandis qu'en Biélorussie, l'augmentation du taux de mortalité attribuable aux privatisations, plus progressives, aurait été de 7,7 %. Le président russe est victime d'un accident de voiture le 21 septembre. Although each citizen initially received a voucher of equal face value, within months the majority of them converged in the hands of intermediaries who were ready to buy them for cash right away. He was married to Naina Yeltsin. "Yeltsin, the man who buried communism", Vladimir Putin`s Address on the Occasion of Boris Yelstin’s Passing, "Reactions to a New Yeltsin Memorial, as to His Legacy, Are Mixed", "The Yeltsin Monument and National Arrogance", "Europe: Russia: An Honor And A Barb For Yeltsin", "Одна из улиц Екатеринбурга названа в честь Бориса Ельцина", "ВЗГЛЯД / Уральскому университету присвоено имя Ельцина", "Книги, посвященные деятельности Б.Н.Ельцина - Уральский Центр Бориса Николаевича Ельцина", "Russian President Boris Yeltsin shows a new Turkmen passport given to him after he was named 'honorary citizen of Turkmenistan' by Saparmurad Niyazov, president of this Central Asian state in Turkmenistan 23 December 1993", CNN Cold War — Profile: Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin, Net-Film Newsreels and Documentary Films Archive, Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives, The Good Czar The Strange Nobility of Boris Yeltsin, Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR, State Committee on the State of Emergency, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University named after Boris Yeltsin, Tennis Academy, named after the first President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, Eastern European anti-Communist insurgencies, Predictions of the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria, 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine, North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972, Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union, Sovereignty of Puerto Rico during the Cold War, Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States, American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation, Law on Abolishment of Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast, Administrative divisions of the Republic of Artsakh, Azerbaijani Community of Nagorno-Karabakh, 27th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 26th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boris_Yeltsin&oldid=980662198, Converts to Eastern Orthodoxy from atheism or agnosticism, Grand Crosses of the Order of the Cross of Vytis, Heads of government of the Russian Federation, Heads of government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Knights Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic, Members of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union, Members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union candidate members, People of the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 1st class, Recipients of the Order of Francysk Skaryna, Recipients of the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, 1st class, Candidates in the 1991 Russian presidential election, Candidates in the 1996 Russian presidential election, Articles with dead external links from April 2016, Articles containing Russian-language text, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2018, Articles needing additional references from June 2017, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from April 2018, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, August 1971 – for services in carrying out a five-year plan, January 1974 – for achievements in the construction of the first stage of cold rolling shop at the Verkh-Isetsky Metallurgical Plant in, Soviet Union: Gold Medal, Exhibition of Economic Achievements (October 1981).